Urrets-Zavalia syndrome (UZS) is a rare and severe complication that can arise following ophthalmic surgeries, particularly penetrating keratoplasty. The prevalence of this condition ranges from 2.2% to 17.7%, although the exact mechanisms and risk factors remain somewhat speculative. Potential contributing factors include elevated intraocular pressure, use of mydriatic agents, keratoconus, and retention of viscoelastic material. UZS is characterized by a fixed and dilated pupil, typically presenting 1 to 2 weeks postoperatively, and is believed to result from iris ischemia and subsequent dysfunction of the pupillary sphincter muscles. Clinicians should be aware that UZS can lead to acute angle-closure glaucoma—a vision-threatening condition.Currently, an approved treatment for UZS does not exist, but management focuses on controlling intraocular pressure and inflammation, with various surgical and nonsurgical interventions to address complications such as photophobia and glaucoma. This article provides comprehensive insights into the etiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, management, complications, and prognosis of UZS. This activity helps clinicians recognize the clinical presentation and diagnostic features of UZS, including the importance of a detailed patient history, medication review, and appropriate use of diagnostic tools such as slit lamp examination, gonioscopy, and ultrasound biomicroscopy. This activity will explore several preventative measures and their efficacy, providing clinicians with strategies to minimize the risk of UZS in susceptible patients.
- Provider:StatPearls, LLC
- Activity Link: https://www.statpearls.com/ArticleLibrary/viewarticle/166506
- Start Date: 2024-12-01 06:00:00
- End Date: 2024-12-01 06:00:00
- Credit Details: AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™️: 1.5 hours
Nursing: 1.5 hours
Pharmacy: 1.5 hours - MOC Credit Details: ABS - 1.5 Point; Credit Type(s): Accredited CME (ABS)
ABPATH - 1.5 Point; Credit Type(s): Lifelong Learning (ABPATH)
ABS - 1.5 Point; Credit Type(s): Self-Assessment (ABS) - Commercial Support: No
- Activity Type: Enduring Material
- CME Finder Type: Online Learning
- Fee to Participate: Variable
- Measured Outcome: Learner Knowledge, Learner/Team Competence
- Provider Ship: Directly Provided
- Registration: Open to all
- Specialty: All Practice Areas (e.g. ethics), General Surgery